Chalk stacks
Introduction
The photograph on this page of Chalk stacks by Jonathan Wilkins as part of the Geograph project.
The Geograph project started in 2005 with the aim of publishing, organising and preserving representative images for every square kilometre of Great Britain, Ireland and the Isle of Man.
There are currently over 7.5m images from over 14,400 individuals and you can help contribute to the project by visiting https://www.geograph.org.uk
![](https://s0.geograph.org.uk/geophotos/07/91/08/7910808_efec8395.jpg)
Image: © Jonathan Wilkins Taken: 6 Sep 2024
Chalk stacks at the top of the shore are standing proud of the degraded cliff line. Their isolation and curious, rubbly texture which differs from much of the Ulster White Limestone Formation in the area is indicative of an unusual geological context. Careful examination shows the presence of large, rounded boulders of basalt within the chalk. The inclusion of younger rock is indicative of eruption processes associated with basalt volcanism, and probably the result of phreatic eruptions which co-mingled pre-existing chalk and basalt while creating a pipe-like void. The debris which settled into the pipes has been re-cemented by continuing steam and fluid flow.